The NBC detective show Mysteries of Laura might need a new medical consultant. In one of the first episodes of this season we have a boy that's been kidnapped and of course-- he's a diabetic in need of insulin or he'll die in short order.
Of course, when they find the young boy, he is unresponsive. One quick insulin shot into his leg and within mere seconds-- he's awake and crying.
This doesn't happen in real life.
The first thing to understand about why the medical approach to this scenario is bad is to understand why a diabetic who doesn't have their insulin gets sick. In a Type I diabetic, their body doesn't produce insulin. Insulin is what moves sugar from your bloodstream to the inner part of your cells for energy so they can function. When there is a lack of insulin, the sugar can't move from the outside to the inside of the cells and that's not a good set-up for sustaining life.
As a rescue measure, the body begins to metabolize fat and muscle for energy. The byproduct of this type of metabolism leads to a build up of acids in the blood called ketones. You can also get a build up of ketones in the blood from not eating carbs as well. When you do this, even though you may produce insulin, your body still perceives a starvation state and will enter into the same process.
In the case of the diabetic, the sugar is "stuck" in the bloodstream which is why they have high blood glucose levels. However, the reason a diabetic is so sick is not really from the high blood sugar-- it is really from the build up of acid in the blood from the break down of fat and muscle. This is also known as diabetic ketoacidosis or DKA. The more acidic a diabetic's blood is when they seek medical treatment-- the more emergent the condition.
So, in this episode we can assume that the diabetic is in DKA. The question is how long does it take to reverse this process?
In a nutshell-- hours-- not minutes. If a diabetic comes in unconscious then it will take them some time to regain consciousness after treatment is instituted to lower the acid levels in the blood and of course, by also lowering blood glucose levels.
What would have been a realistic medical scenario for this episode would be for the boy to have trouble with hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. Or, to have it be that the criminals were giving insulin but giving too much of it.
When a patient's blood sugar is too low, we give glucose IV. In this instance, an unconscious patient WILL wake up very quickly because glucose (sugar) given IV becomes immediately available to the cells for processing and a patient can and will wake up very quickly.
You can still be dramatic using an accurate medical scenario.
Jordyn, sometimes I have to turn off my medical professional identity and try to enjoy the show or book, but it's not easy. We re-watched the pilot of one of our favorite shows, Blue Bloods, and I noted a scene that grated on me the first time I saw it. A young girl has been kidnapped. She's diabetic. She needs insulin. We're told that if she doesn't get it, she'll go into "insulin shock" and die. No she won't. She'll probably go into diabetic ketoacidosis (as you've pointed out), but that's not immediate. Oh, well. Thanks for your post.
ReplyDeleteI've had several cats who were diabetic. One in particular I found after his supper to be in the throes of grand mal seizures. I rushed him to the vet, who treated him with sub Q fluids and karo syrup. Then he did a glucose test...and the poor cat was in the 800s. They reversed the treatment protocol and gave him supportive care, but when I checked on him the next day the attending vet was not hopeful that he would pull through. It took weeks to pull him back to a stable level with a lot of supportive care. I would imagine a human wouldn't be much different. It's not pretty, it can be touch and go away from medical facilities, but it happens more in a slow motion disaster kind of way then the immediate, dramatic shut down the TV/movie industry loves so well.
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